When adding HTML files to calibre, you may need to tell calibre what encoding the files are in. The command-line tools have an ebook-convert-txt-input -input-encoding option. This can be done in the GUI via the Input character encoding field in the Look & feel → Text section of the conversion dialog. Knowing the encoding of the source file: calibre tries to guess what character encoding your source files use, but often, this is impossible, so you need to tell it what encoding to use.
How do I convert my file containing non-English characters, or smart quotes? ¶ There are two aspects to this problem: